1. PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
| Product name | : | Unleaded Petrol (ULP) |
| Chemical name | : | Mixture - Not Applicable |
| Synonyms | : | Petrol |
| Product use | : | Automotive fuel |
| UN number | : | 1203 |
| Health Emergency Telephone | : | 021-689 5227 (Red Cross Poison Service) |
| Transport Emergency Telephone | : | 011-975 1278/83 (Hazchemwise) |
2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
| Emergency response data | : | Green Liquid. Product can accumulate a static charge and release vapours which may cause a fire or explosion. DOT ERG No. : 128 |
GHS Classification:
Health
| Acute inhalation toxicity | Hazard category 4. Harmful if inhaled. | Warning |
| Acute oral toxicity | Hazard category 5. May be harmful if swallowed. | Warning |
| Skin irritation | Hazard category 3. Causes mild skin irritation. | Warning |
| Eye irritation | Hazard category 2B. Irritant. | Warning |
| Aspiration hazard | Hazard category 1. May cause chemical pneumonitis. | Danger |
Environmental
| Aquatic toxicity | Hazard category 2. May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. | Warning |
Physical
| Flammability | Hazard category 1. Extremely flammable liquid and vapour. | Danger |
Hazard Statements
Extremely flammable liquid and vapour. May cause eye and mild skin irritation. May be harmful if swallowed or inhaled.
Precautionary Statements
Response
IN CASE OF FIRE: use Carbon dioxide, foam or dry chemical for extinction. IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. If eye irritation persists: get medical attention. IF ON SKIN: If irritation occurs, get medical attention. IF INHALED: Call a POISON CENTRE or doctor if you feel unwell.
Storage
Take precautionary measures against static discharge. Ground/bond container and receiving equipment. Use only non-sparking tools. Use explosion-proof electrical, ventilating and transfer equipment. Store in a well-ventilated place and keep the container cool and tightly closed.
Disposal
Do not discharge into lakes, streams, ponds and ground water supply.
3. FIRST AID MEASURES
| Inhalation | : | Remove from further exposure. If respiratory irritation, dizziness, nausea, or unconsciousness occurs, seek immediate medical assistance. If breathing has stopped, assist ventilation with mechanical device or use mouth-to-mouth resuscitation with a mouthpiece. |
| Skin contact | : | Remove contaminated clothing. Dry wipe exposed skin and cleanse with hand cleaner, soap and water. Launder contaminated clothing before reuse. (See Section 16 - Injection Injury) |
| Eye contact | : | Flush thoroughly with water. If irritation occurs call a doctor. |
| Ingestion | : | Seek immediate medical attention. Do not induce vomiting. |
| Note to doctors | : | Material if aspirated into the lungs may cause chemical pneumonitis. Skin contact may aggravate an existing dermatitis. Treat appropriately. |
4. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES
| Extinguishing media | : | Carbon dioxide, foam, dry chemical and water fog. |
| Special fire fighting procedure | : | Evacuate area. For large spills, fire fighting foam in sufficient quantities should be applied to blanket the flammable product surface. |
| Special protective equipment for firefighters | : | For fires in enclosed areas, fire fighters must use Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus. |
| Unusual fire and explosive hazards | : | EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE, HIGH HAZARD. Liquid can release considerable vapour at temperatures below ambient which readily form flammable mixtures. Vapours settle to ground level and may reach, via drains and other underground passages, ignition sources remote from the point of escape. Product can accumulate a static charge which may cause a fire or explosion. |
| Products of decomposition | : | Fumes, smoke, carbon monoxide, sulphur oxides, aldehydes and other decomposition products, in the case of incomplete combustion. |
| Flash Point | : | < -40 °C (ASTM D-56) |
| Upper Explosion Limit (UEL) | : | 7,6 %(V) |
| Lower Explosion Limit (LEL) | : | 1,4 %(V) |
| NFPA Hazard Id | : | Health: 1; Flammability: 3; Reactivity: 0 |
5. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
| Procedure if material is released or spilled | : | Report spills/releases as required to appropriate authorities. |
| Methods for cleaning up | : | Eliminate sources of ignition. Warn occupants and/or ships in the downwind areas of fire and explosion hazard, and warn them to stay clear. LAND SPILL: Shut off source taking normal safety precautions. Take measures to minimize the effects on ground water. Recover by pumping using explosion-proof equipment or contain spilled liquid with sand or other suitable absorbent and remove mechanically into containers. If necessary, dispose of absorbed residues as directed in Section 13. WATER SPILL: Notify port and relevant authorities. Confine with booms if skimming equipment is available to recover the spill for later recycling or disposal. |
| Personal precautions | : | See Section 8. |
| Environmental precautions | : | Prevent spill from entering municipal sewers, water sources or low lying areas. Advise the relevant authorities if contaminations have occurred. |
6. HANDLING AND STORAGE
| Safe handling advice | : | Use non-sparking tools and explosion-proof equipment. Never siphon by mouth. This product should not be used as a solvent or as a cleaning agent. Harmful in contact with or if absorbed through the skin. Avoid inhalation of vapours or mists. Use in well ventilated area away from all ignition sources. This liquid is volatile and gives off invisible vapours. Either the liquid or vapour may settle in low areas or travel some distance along the ground or surface to ignition sources where they may ignite or explode. Keep product away from high energy ignition sources, heat, sparks, pilot lights, static electricity, and open flames. It is unlawful and dangerous to put petrol into unapproved containers. Do not fill container in or on a vehicle. Static electricity may ignite vapours and cause fire. Place container on ground when filling and keep nozzle in contact with container. See Section 8 for additional personal protection advice when handling this product. |
| Storage information | : | This product is a static accumulator, therefore, all storage containers should be grounded and bonded. Drums should also be equipped with self-closing valves, pressure vacuum bungs and flame arresters. Outside or detached storage area, with an automatic sprinkling system, is preferred. |
| Storage and handling procedures | : | Electrical equipment and fittings must comply with local fire prevention regulations for this class of product. Refer to national or local regulations covering safety at petroleum handling and storage areas for this product. |
7. PERSONAL PROTECTION
| Engineering controls | : | Use in well ventilated area. Explosive-proof ventilation equipment with local exhaust is desirable. |
| Respiratory protection | : | Approved respiratory equipment must be used when airborne concentrations are unknown or exceed the recommended exposure limit. Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus may be required for use in confined or enclosed spaces. |
| Eye protection | : | If splash with liquid is possible, chemical type goggles should be worn. |
| Skin and body protection | : | Impervious gloves must be worn. If body contact is likely, appropiate personal protective equipment must be worn. Good personal hygiene practices should always be followed. |
8. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
| Acute oral toxicity | : | (Rats): Practically non-toxic (LD50: Greater than 2000 mg/kg). Based on testing of similar products and/or components. Warning Hazard category 5. Practically non-toxic, but when swallowed can cause lung damage. |
| Acute dermal toxicity | : | (Rabbits): Practically non-toxic (LD50: greater than 2000 mg/kg). Based on testing of similar products and/or the components. Warning Hazard category 5. May be harmful in contact with skin. |
| Acute inhalation toxicity | : | (Rats): Harmful (LC50: greater than 10 but less than 20mg/l) 4 hours. Based on testing of similar products and/or the components. Warning Hazard category 4. Harmful if inhaled. |
| Skin irritation | : | (Rabbits): Irritant. (Primary Irritation Index: greater than 3 but less than 6). Based on testing of similar products and/or the components. Warning Hazard category 3. Causes mild skin irritation. |
| Eye irritation | : | (Rabbits): Mild irritant. (Draize score: greater than 6 but 15 or less). Based on testing of similar products and/or the components. Warning Hazard category 2B. Causes eye irritation. |
| Respiratory and skin sensitisation | : | This product was not a skin sensitizer when tested in a Modified Buehler Guinea Pig Sensitization Assay. |
| Germ cell mutagenicity | : | This product tested negative in a series of mutagenic tests. |
| Carcinogenicity | : | A lifetime mouse skin painting study of unleaded gasoline applied at 50 microliters, three times weekly, resulted in some severe skin irritation and changes, but no statistically significant increase in skin cancer or cancer to any other organ. A lifetime inhalation study of vapourized unleaded gasoline at up to 2000 ppm caused liver tumours in female mice and increased kidney tumours in male rats. The kidney tumours resulted from the formation of a compound unique to male rats, and are not considered relevant to humans. The U.S. EPA Risk Assessment Forum concluded that the male rat kidney tumour results are not relevant for human risk assessment. The implications for the female mice liver tumour data for human risk assessment have not been fully determined. Multiple short-term cancer predicative tests (Ames Test, etc.) have routinely been negative (no cancer or mutagenic potential) for unleaded gasoline. |
| Reproductive toxicity (Teratogenicity) | : | Two separate inhalation teratology studies of unleaded gasoline vapour at exposures up to 1600 ppm and 9000 ppm for 6 hours/day on days 6-20 did not result in any significant developmental effects in rats. No significant effects were observed in the mothers or offspring. A two-generation inhalation reproductive study (CONCAWE) of unleaded gasoline showed no reproductive or developmental effects in rats exposed to concentrations up to 20,000 mg/m3 (approx. 8000 ppm). |
| Specific target organ toxicity (STOT) - single exposure | : | Respiratory irritation, dizziness, nausea and loss of consciousness. Danger Hazard category 2. |
| Specific target organ toxicity (STOT) - repeated exposure | : | Two dermal studies resulted in significant irritation in rabbits but no significant systemic toxicity. Inhalation exposures (90 days - approximately 1500 ppm vapour) in rats and monkeys produced light hydrocarbon nephropathy in male rats, but no other significant systemic toxicity. A lifetime mouse skin painting study of unleaded gasoline applied at 50 microliters, three times weekly, resulted in some severe skin irritation and changes, but no statistically significant increase in skin cancer or cancer to any other organ. |
| Aspiration hazard | : | Gasoline and Refinery Streams: Isolated constituents of gasoline may display these or other potential hazards in laboratory tests. Gasoline consists of a complex blend of petroleum/processing derived paraffinic, olefinic, naphthenic and aromatic hydrocarbons which include up to 5% benzene (with 1-2 % typical in the U.S.), n-hexane, mixed xylenes, toluene and ethylbenzene. Benzene has also caused damage to the foetus of test animals in developmental studies. Benzene has tested positive (mutagenic) in a number of short-term cancer/mutation predicative tests. Repeated exposures to low levels of benzene (50-500 ppm) have been reported to result in blood abnormalities including anaemia and, in rare cases, leukemia in both animals and humans. This product contains ethylbenzene. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has evaluated ethylbenzene and classified it as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B) based on sufficient evidence for carcinogenicity in experimental animals, but inadequate evidence for cancer in exposed humans. Prolonged exposure to levels of n-Hexane (<500 ppm) may show no acute symptoms but cause damage to the nervous system (peripheral neuropathy), affecting the muscles of the limbs. Paralysis may result. Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) was tested for carcinogenicity, neurotoxicity, chronic, reproductive, and developmental toxicity. The NOAEL for all end points evaluated in three animal species was 400 ppm or greater. An increase in kidney tumors/damage and liver tumors was observed in animals exposed to high concentrations of MTBE. Some embryo/fetal toxicity and birth defects were observed in the offspring of pregnant mice exposed to maternally toxic doses of MTBE, however the offspring of exposed pregnant rabbits were unaffected. The significance of the animal findings at high exposures are not believed to be directly related to potential human health hazards in the workplace. |
9. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Ecotoxicity effects
| Toxicity to fish | : | (Salmon) LC/EC50: 8.1 mg/l at 96 hours. |
| Toxicity to aquatic organisms | : | (Daphnia magna) LC/EC50: 6 mg/l at 48 hours. (Green algae) LC/EC50: 9.4 mg/l at 8 hours. |
Elimination information (persistence and degradability)
| Biodegradability | : | The majority of the components in this product would be expected to be inherently biodegradable. The constituents of gasoline (petrol) which are volatilized will photodegrade in the atmosphere. The less volatile, more water-soluble components which are aromatic hydrocarbons will also undergo aqueous photodegradation. |
| Mobility | : | Dissolution of the higher molecular weight hydrocarbon components in water will be limited, but losses through sediment adsorption may be significant. |
| Bioaccumulation | : | Bioconcentration factor (BCF) < 100. |
INJECTION INJURY WARNING: If product is injected into or under the skin, or into any part of the body, regardless of the appearance of the wound or its size, the individual should be evaluated immediately by a doctor as a surgical emergency. Even though initial symptoms from high pressure injection may be minimal or absent, early surgical treatment within the first few hours may significantly reduce the ultimate extent of injury.
Disclaimer
Information given herein is offered in good faith as accurate, but without guarantee. Conditions of use and suitability of the product for particular uses are beyond our control; all risks of use of the product are therefore assumed by the user and we expressly disclaim all warranties of every kind and nature, including warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose in respect to the use or suitability of the product. Nothing is intended as a recommendation for uses which infringe valid patents or as extending license under valid patents. Appropriate warnings and safe handling procedures should be provided to handlers and users.
